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Eucalyptus globulus Silviculture in Spain: New Book

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A new booklet summarizing the silvicultural techniques applied to Eucalyptus globulus in Spain has been recently published as part of the new Spanish Silviculture Compendium (+1000 pages of useful tree talk delivered by Rafael Serrada and his team).

Today we bring you the chapter for E. globulus, which was separately edited by ENCE forestry researchers Gabriel Toval, Gustavo López, Federico Ruíz & Reyes Alejano, and which you can download as a PDF (a courtesy of  Wikisilva - Universidade de Vigo).

Eucalyptus globulus Silviculture in Spain, by Gabriel Toval, Gustavo López, Federico Ruíz and Reyes Alejano, ENCE Forestry Research, Spain / Silvicultura aplicada al Eucalyptus globulus en España, por Gabriel Toval, Gustavo López, Federico Ruíz y Reyes Alejano, Grupo Empresarial ENCE, División de Investigación y Tecnología DIT-ENCE / Gustavo Iglesias Trabado, GIT Forestry Consulting - Eucalyptologics, Lugo, Galicia, Spain / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Recursos de Información sobre el Cultivo del Eucalipto en el Mundo
Eucalyptus globulus Silviculture in Spain


Eucalyptus globulus Silviculture in Spain, by Gabriel Toval, Gustavo López, Federico Ruíz and Reyes Alejano, ENCE Forestry Research, Spain / Silvicultura aplicada al Eucalyptus globulus en España, por Gabriel Toval, Gustavo López, Federico Ruíz y Reyes Alejano, Grupo Empresarial ENCE, División de Investigación y Tecnología DIT-ENCE / Gustavo Iglesias Trabado, GIT Forestry Consulting - Eucalyptologics, Lugo, Galicia, Spain / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Recursos de Información sobre el Cultivo del Eucalipto en el Mundo
(Click image to enlarge)

Reference

Ruiz F; López G; Toval G & Alejano R (2008) Selvicultura de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. en "Compendio de Selvicultura Aplicada en España" Ed. Serrada R; Montero G; Reque JA; INIA & Fundacion del Conde del Valle de Salazar. p. 117-154

Summary of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Eucalyptus cultivated forest typology
  3. Eucalyptus Regeneration Treatments (harvest timing, coppice cycles, cutting height, harvest coupe allocation, treatment and uses for harvest residues)
  4. Eucalyptus Improvement Treatments (shoot selection, soil preparation, understorey control, thinnings, pruning, fertilization, phytosanitary measures)
  5. Eucalyptus Growth & Productivity (site index, tree stocking, harvest cycles)
  6. Social & Environmental Impacts of Eucalyptus plantations
  7. Bibliography





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EUCALYPTOLOGICS: GIT Forestry Consulting Eucalyptus Blog / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Forestry Engineering, Eucalyptus Seed, Eucalyptus Plants, Eucalyptus Wood, Eucalyptus Honey, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Forests, Eucalyptus Plantations, Eucalyptus Timber, Eucalyptus Lumber, Eucalyptus Furniture, Eucalyptus Veneer, Eucalyptus Plywood, Eucalyptus MDF Board, Eucalyptus Cellulose, Eucalyptus Paper, Eucalyptus Biomass, Eucalyptus Energy, Eucalyptus Floristry, Eucalyptus Foliage, Eucalyptus Garden / Ingenieria Forestal, Semilla de eucalipto, Plantas de eucalipto, Madera de eucalipto, Miel de eucalipto, Aceite Esencial de eucalipto, Bosque de eucalipto, Plantacion de eucalipto, Muebles de eucalipto, Tablero de eucalipto, MDF de eucalipto, Celulosa de eucalipto, Papel de eucalipto, Biomasa de eucalipto, Energia de eucalipto, Ramillo Verde Ornamental de Eucalipto, Jardin de EucaliptoGIT's Eucalyptology Topics

© 2007-2008 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness.

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Managing Eucalyptus Pulp Mill Solid Residues - by Celso Foelkel

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Successful Eucalyptus Pulp and Paper Mill Solid Residue Management / Eucalyptus Online Book, November 2008, by Celso Foelkel / Ecoefficacy, Ecoefficiency, Cleaner Production / Eucalyptus Wisdom from Brazil / Gestion exitosa de los residuos solidos de industrias de pulpa y papel de eucalipto / Libro Online Eucalipto, Noviembre 2008, por Celso Foelkel / Ecoeficacia, Ecoeficiencia, Produccion Mas Limpia / Sabiduría eucalíptica desde Brasil

by Celso Foelkel

Successful Eucalyptus Pulp and Paper Mill Solid Residue Management / Eucalyptus Online Book, November 2008, by Celso Foelkel / Ecoefficacy, Ecoefficiency, Cleaner Production / Eucalyptus Wisdom from Brazil / Gestion exitosa de los residuos solidos de industrias de pulpa y papel de eucalipto / Libro Online Eucalipto, Noviembre 2008, por Celso Foelkel / Ecoeficacia, Ecoeficiencia, Produccion Mas Limpia / Sabiduría eucalíptica desde Brasil
(Click image to enlarge)



Summary of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Residues & More Residues: What amount of them do we really have in our factories?
  • Key Points for Solid Residue Management in Pulp & Paper Mills
  • Steps of a Successful Strategy for Solid Residue Management in Pulp & Paper Mills
  • Minimizing Solid Residue Generation in our factories
  • Relevant Facts for Solid Industrial Residue Management
  • Final Disposal of Industrial Solid Residues:  Burial Pits
  • Non-Processal Solid Industrial Residuess at Mill
  • Some Real Case Studies on Solid Residue Management at Eucalyptus Pulp & Paper Mills
  • Final Considerations
  • References and recommended literature
  • Acknowledgements
See other chapters of the EUCALYPTUS ONLINE BOOK
English version :: Portuguese version
Have you read the EUCALYPTUS ONLINE NEWSLETTER?
English version :: Portuguese version



Grau Celsius - Celsius Degree - Celso Foelkel Eucalyptus WisdomTechnical coordination - Celso Foelkel
Webmaster / editing - Alessandra Foelkel
Celsius Degree: Phone (+55-51) 3338-4809
Copyright © 2007-2010


Grau Celsius - Celsius Degree - Celso Foelkel Eucalyptus Wisdom - Sabiduria Eucaliptica de Celso Foelkel

Eucalyptus Online Book & Newsletter are technical information texts written and made available free of charge to all people involved with the forestry and utilization of the Eucalyptus. It depends only on registering yourself to receive them.

This knowledge oriented service was made possible through sponsoring support provided by ABTCP - Brazilian Technical Association of Pulp and Paper and by Botnia, Aracruz, International Paper do Brasil, Conestoga-Rovers & Associates , Suzano and Votorantim Celulose e Papel. The opinions expressed in the texts are those of the author or coming from the referenced technical literature. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.

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Eucalyptus morrisbyi: First time blooming in the UK

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Lullingstone Castle & The World Garden of Plants, by Tom Hart Dyke / Castillo de Lullingstone y El Jardín del Mundo, por Tom Hart Dyke / Eucalyptus morrisbyi in bloom for the first time in the UK / El eucalipto de Morrisby florece por primera vez en el Reino Unido

Tom Hart Dyke, worldwide plant hunter, creator of World Gardens and avid plant collector able to make Silver Princesses bloom strikes again with yet another horticultural success.

In the grounds of Lullingstone Castle, one of the rarest Eucalyptus species has bloomed for the first time to become the first acclimatized specimen of its kind in the UK.

Eucalyptus morrisbyi in bloom for the first time in the UK / El eucalipto de Morrisby florece por primera vez en el Reino Unido /Lullingstone Castle & The World Garden of Plants, by Tom Hart Dyke / Castillo de Lullingstone y El Jardín del Mundo, por Tom Hart Dyke / GIT Forestry Consulting, Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Lugo, Galicia, España, Spain / Eucalyptologics, information resources on Eucalyptus cultivation around the world / Eucalyptologics, recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo del eucalipto en el mundo(Click image to enlarge for a full print)

Back in 1999, while plant hunting in Tasmania, Tom carefully collected a small amount of seed from one of the rarest tree species in the island and one of the least common eucalypts in cultivation around the world, Eucalyptus morrisbyi. And from those seeds, these blooms.

The late "casual" discovery of the species by Robert Brett in 1939 and its scarcity in the wild had prevented it from becoming widely cultivated overseas, as it happens with more common eucalypts. This endangered endemism is nowadays at risk of disappearing in its natural habitat due to poor recruiting of new seedlings, genetic contamination, ocasional drought and browsing. Just some 2000 specimens of Morrisby's Gum are known to survive in wild populations, as its main habitat was cleared for other uses by early settlers many moons before the trees were discovered.

Fortunately, a keen interest from researchers at the School of Plant Science (UTAS) to work out the problems and outline solutions for conservation of this gum tree, plus a proper support from competent administrative bodies in Tasmania mean that E. morrisbyi is currently under the protective umbrella of a recovery plan. May it always be.

For cultivation overseas, like Tom, use respectfully collected seed, or better if sourced from ex situ plantings.


Interesting Literature

  • Jones, RC; McKinnon, GE; Wiltshire, RJE; Potts, BM & Vaillancourt, RE (2005) Conservation genetics of an endangered endemic, Eucalyptus morrisbyi. Advances in Plant Conservation Biology, implications for flora management and restoration : symposium program and abstracts 25-27 October 2005 / Dept. of Conservation & Land Management, Botanic Gardens & Parks Authority, Perth, Western Australia, pp. 29.
  • Brett, R.G. (1939). The description of a new eucalypt species. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1938: 129-130


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EUCALYPTOLOGICS: GIT Forestry Consulting Eucalyptus Blog / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Forestry Engineering, Eucalyptus Seed, Eucalyptus Plants, Eucalyptus Wood, Eucalyptus Honey, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Forests, Eucalyptus Plantations, Eucalyptus Timber, Eucalyptus Lumber, Eucalyptus Furniture, Eucalyptus Veneer, Eucalyptus Plywood, Eucalyptus MDF Board, Eucalyptus Cellulose, Eucalyptus Paper, Eucalyptus Biomass, Eucalyptus Energy, Eucalyptus Floristry, Eucalyptus Foliage, Eucalyptus Garden / Ingenieria Forestal, Semilla de eucalipto, Plantas de eucalipto, Madera de eucalipto, Miel de eucalipto, Aceite Esencial de eucalipto, Bosque de eucalipto, Plantacion de eucalipto, Muebles de eucalipto, Tablero de eucalipto, MDF de eucalipto, Celulosa de eucalipto, Papel de eucalipto, Biomasa de eucalipto, Energia de eucalipto, Ramillo Verde Ornamental de Eucalipto, Jardin de EucaliptoGIT's Eucalyptology Topics

© 2007-2008 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness.

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Pinusletter nº 11 - by Ester Foelkel

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PinusLetter, November 2008, by Ester Foelkel / Pinus Wisdom from Brazil / Boletín Online PinusLetter, Noviembre 2008 / Sabiduría en pinos desde Brasil /Eucalyptus Online Book and Newsletter, by Celso Foelkel / Eucalyptus Wisdom from Brazil / Boletín Online Eucalipto, por Celso Foelkel / Sabiduría eucalíptica desde Brasil / Grau Celsius / Celsius Degree

by Ester Foelkel


Summary of Contents

Previous Issues


PinusLetter by Ester Foelkel / Pinus Wisdom from Brazil / Boletín Online PinusLetter por Ester Foelkel / Sabiduría en pinos desde Brasil /Eucalyptus Online Book and Newsletter, by Celso Foelkel / Eucalyptus Wisdom from Brazil / Boletín Online Eucalipto, por Celso Foelkel / Sabiduría eucalíptica desde Brasil / Grau Celsius / Celsius Degree
PinusLetter is a new creation of Celsius Degree, a vision for the development of cultivated forests and their products based on the concepts of technology, eco-efficiency, economy and social and environmental sustainability. The main stars of this newsletter will be tree species within genus Pinus. This free online publication is a courtesy of ABTCP - Brazilian Society for Pulp & Paper Technology and CRA - Conestoga-Rovers & Associados - Engenharia SA. It will be first launched in Portuguese language only but will include references to articles, websites and Pinus-Links at a global level. Hence, you will be redirected to visit sites in English, Spanish, French languages, in addition to Portuguese.


Grau Celsius - Celsius Degree - Celso Foelkel Eucalyptus WisdomCoordenação e Redação Técnica - Ester Foelkel & Celso Foelkel
Editoração - Alessandra Foelkel
GRAU CELSIUS: Tel.(51) 3338-4809
Copyrights © 2005-2008

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Eucalyptus in India: timber and wheat polyculture

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Gustavo Iglesias Trabado Contact GIT Forestry Consulting
GIT Forestry Consulting - Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal - www.git-forestry.com - EUCALYPTOLOGICS


A combined plantation of Eucalyptus and wheat? Combining Eucalyptus and pasture? Planting at once Eucalyptus and green manure crops? Noooo. Are you nuts? That's impossible. Everyone knows the "Environmentalist Theorem nº 835/a" states that Eucalyptus are those evil alien invasive tree species poisonous to your soil, and where you plant one, nothing can grow again.

Luckily for our hungry world, reality is almost always very different to environmentalist mythology.


Eucalyptus Polyculture in India: timber and grain

Pragati Biotech clonal Eucalyptus polyculture as agroforestry system in India / Policultivo de clones de Eucalyptus en sistema agroforestal, Pragati Biotech, India / Eucalyptologics, on Sustainable Eucalyptus cultivation / Gustavo Iglesias Trabado, GIT Forestry Consulting, Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Galicia, Spain, España / Eucalyptologics: Recursos de Informacion sobre Cultivo Sostenible del Eucalipto en el Mundo

One out of many good examples of this are the eucalypt and poplar trees of Mr. Piare Lal in Andhra Pradesh and the Punjab. After nearly 40 years of experience in applied forestry science, the grounds of Pragati Biotechnologies (www.eucalyptusclones.com) are today a landmark for high-tech forestry, located not too far away from where the pioneers of the Green Revolution developed 'Kalyan', the first high yielding wheat of India.


But these versatile trees able to yield multiple products and services are not simply raised there for delivery to Indian farmers. Operational fields trials allow visitors to also see the combined outcomes of both tree breeding and intelligent agro-forestry design.

Eucalypt cultivated forests can achieve this way a new dimension: joining agricultural and forestry productions within the same pieces of land. Annual crops of yearly benefit while timber matures.

Pragati Biotechnologies clonal Eucalyptus polyculture as agroforestry system in India / Policultivo de clones de Eucalyptus en sistema agroforestal, Pragati Biotech, India / Eucalyptologics, on Sustainable Eucalyptus cultivation / Gustavo Iglesias Trabado, GIT Forestry Consulting, Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Galicia, Spain, España / Eucalyptologics: Recursos de Informacion sobre Cultivo Sostenible del Eucalipto en el Mundo
(Click image to enlarge)

Over 150 different select Eucalyptus clones, of both first generation pure and advanced generation E. tereticornis x camaldulensis hybrids, are being made available by Pragati Biotechnologies to tree investors in Punjab, Haryana & Uttar Pradesh wanting to take advantage of the genetic gains delivered by eucalypt tree domestication and breeding. Doubling or treebling the MAI achieved with standard tree nusery stock and making it compatible with other crops is no joke for a country with ever increasing needs of both food and raw timber. It is however a task for Norman Borlaug styled characters. Of Piare Lal type.


Corollary...

At Eucalyptologics we hope that, next time you hear or read one of the many misguided "environmental activist" trying to spread analphabetism on the subjects of monoculture, invasive alien species or Eucalyptus poisoning soils instead of trying helping fix the real problems out there, you remember cases as the one depicted today. You can then compare and decide for yourself what's going on with all that green mythology spreading like a noxious weed. Luckily, sooner or later, myths fall by their own weight. Or sometimes, with your extra help.


Also at EUCALYPTOLOGICS...






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EUCALYPTOLOGICS: GIT Forestry Consulting Eucalyptus Blog / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Forestry Engineering, Eucalyptus Seed, Eucalyptus Plants, Eucalyptus Wood, Eucalyptus Honey, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Forests, Eucalyptus Plantations, Eucalyptus Timber, Eucalyptus Lumber, Eucalyptus Furniture, Eucalyptus Veneer, Eucalyptus Plywood, Eucalyptus MDF Board, Eucalyptus Cellulose, Eucalyptus Paper, Eucalyptus Biomass, Eucalyptus Energy, Eucalyptus Floristry, Eucalyptus Foliage, Eucalyptus Garden / Ingenieria Forestal, Semilla de eucalipto, Plantas de eucalipto, Madera de eucalipto, Miel de eucalipto, Aceite Esencial de eucalipto, Bosque de eucalipto, Plantacion de eucalipto, Muebles de eucalipto, Tablero de eucalipto, MDF de eucalipto, Celulosa de eucalipto, Papel de eucalipto, Biomasa de eucalipto, Energia de eucalipto, Ramillo Verde Ornamental de Eucalipto, Jardin de EucaliptoGIT's Eucalyptology Topics

© 2007-2008 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness.

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New Eucalyptus taxon described in Tasmania

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Dean Nicolle et al (2008) - Eucalyptus cordata ssp. quadrangulosa, new eucalypt taxon from Tasmania described / Eucalyptologics, Information resources on sustainable Eucalypt cultivation worldwide / Recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo sostenible del eucalipto en el mundo / GIT Forestry Consulting, Lugo, Galicia, España, Spain

Nicolle, D and Potts, BM and McKinnon, GE (2008) Eucalyptus cordata subsp. quadrangulosa (Myrtaceae), a new taxon of restricted distribution from southern Tasmania. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 142 (2). pp. 71-78. ISSN 0080-4703 [Download, PDF file, 4.2 MB]


Thanks to...


UTAS - University of Tasmania - School of Plant Science - Eucalypt Research / Eucalyptologics, Information resources on sustainable Eucalypt cultivation worldwide / Recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo sostenible del eucalipto en el mundo / GIT Forestry Consulting, Lugo, Galicia, España, SpainDean Nicolle - Currency Creek Arboretum - Eucalypt Research / Eucalyptologics, Information resources on sustainable Eucalypt cultivation worldwide / Recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo sostenible del eucalipto en el mundo / GIT Forestry Consulting, Lugo, Galicia, España, Spain


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EUCALYPTOLOGICS: GIT Forestry Consulting Eucalyptus Blog / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Forestry Engineering, Eucalyptus Seed, Eucalyptus Plants, Eucalyptus Wood, Eucalyptus Honey, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Forests, Eucalyptus Plantations, Eucalyptus Timber, Eucalyptus Lumber, Eucalyptus Furniture, Eucalyptus Veneer, Eucalyptus Plywood, Eucalyptus MDF Board, Eucalyptus Cellulose, Eucalyptus Paper, Eucalyptus Biomass, Eucalyptus Energy, Eucalyptus Floristry, Eucalyptus Foliage, Eucalyptus Garden / Ingenieria Forestal, Semilla de eucalipto, Plantas de eucalipto, Madera de eucalipto, Miel de eucalipto, Aceite Esencial de eucalipto, Bosque de eucalipto, Plantacion de eucalipto, Muebles de eucalipto, Tablero de eucalipto, MDF de eucalipto, Celulosa de eucalipto, Papel de eucalipto, Biomasa de eucalipto, Energia de eucalipto, Ramillo Verde Ornamental de Eucalipto, Jardin de EucaliptoGIT's Eucalyptology Topics

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© 2007-2008 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness.

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The first cultivated Eucalyptus (I): Kew Gardens

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Eucalyptus kewensis / Eucalyptus dalrympleana at Kew Gardens by Neil King / Eucalipto blanco de montaña en los jardines de Kew / Hortus Kewensis /GIT Forestry Consulting, Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Lugo, Galicia, España, Spain / Eucalyptologics, information resources on Eucalyptus cultivation around the world / Eucalyptologics, recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo del eucalipto en el mundo

Eucalyptus at Kew Gardens: 235 years later

(Click image to enlarge and download your 1280 x 1280 pixel print)

Eucalyptus kewensis / Eucalyptus obliqua at Kew Gardens by William Aiton / Roble de Tasmania en los jardines de Kew / Hortus Kewensis /GIT Forestry Consulting, Consultoría y Servicios de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Lugo, Galicia, España, Spain / Eucalyptologics, information resources on Eucalyptus cultivation around the world / Eucalyptologics, recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo del eucalipto en el mundo
Eucalyptus at Kew Gardens: 235 years before

(Click image to enlarge. Courtesy of Google Books & Eucalyptologics)


It was the Era of King 'Farmer' George's men. The Era of Banks. Of Cook & Furneaux. And L'Heritièr. And Aiton. The age of discovery. From Adventure Bay they brought the well covered trees back to Europe, to become the first of their kind cultivated out of Australia. The world kept moving, but 235 years and +20 billion cultivated Eucalyptus later, you can still find them at Kew. May the footprints never fade.

Eucalyptus at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, UK / GIT Forestry - Eucalyptologics / Lugo, Galicia, Spain, España/ Information resources on sustainable Eucalyptus cultivation around the world / Recursos de informacion sobre el cultivo sostenible del eucalipto en el mundo

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Contact GIT Forestry Consulting / Contact Eucalyptologics / Contacto GIT Forestry Consulting / Contacto Eucalyptologics / Lugo, Galicia, Spain, España

Contact GIT Forestry Consulting - Eucalyptologics

EUCALYPTOLOGICS: GIT Forestry Consulting Eucalyptus Blog / Information Resources on Eucalyptus Cultivation Worldwide / Forestry Engineering, Eucalyptus Seed, Eucalyptus Plants, Eucalyptus Wood, Eucalyptus Honey, Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Eucalyptus Forests, Eucalyptus Plantations, Eucalyptus Timber, Eucalyptus Lumber, Eucalyptus Furniture, Eucalyptus Veneer, Eucalyptus Plywood, Eucalyptus MDF Board, Eucalyptus Cellulose, Eucalyptus Paper, Eucalyptus Biomass, Eucalyptus Energy, Eucalyptus Floristry, Eucalyptus Foliage, Eucalyptus Garden / Ingenieria Forestal, Semilla de eucalipto, Plantas de eucalipto, Madera de eucalipto, Miel de eucalipto, Aceite Esencial de eucalipto, Bosque de eucalipto, Plantacion de eucalipto, Muebles de eucalipto, Tablero de eucalipto, MDF de eucalipto, Celulosa de eucalipto, Papel de eucalipto, Biomasa de eucalipto, Energia de eucalipto, Ramillo Verde Ornamental de Eucalipto, Jardin de EucaliptoGIT's Eucalyptology Topics

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© 2007-2008 Gustavo Iglesias Trabado. Please contact us if you want to use all or part of this text and photography elsewhere. We like to share, but we do not like rudeness.

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Bloggers Unite for Refugees: Eucalyptus & small miracles

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Eucalyptus: Sowing Small Miracles


Eucalyptus as framing and building material in refugee camps of Ethiopia


"Closer contact with the city of Addis Ababa showed that its attractiveness seen from afar was an illusion. The houses are built of mud over a framework of Eucalyptus poles tied together with homemade grass ropes and most of them are whitewashed. There are no sidewalks and the roads are roughly paved with sharp rocks laid by hand. As there are no street lights, foreigners stumble badly when trying to get around at night although the barefooted natives do not seem to have any difficulty. The surrounding hills and the innumerable Eucalyptus trees, however, are beautiful. This was a treeless country until the government imported literally millions of Eucalyptus sprouts from Australia."

U.S. Navy radio operators reporting from Abyssinia in 1935 under Cornelius Van Hemert Engert, US Minister Resident
 


"Ethiopia hosted about 201,700 refugees and asylum seekers (…) 111,600 Somalis who fled the collapse of the Somali state (…) 55,400 Sudanese who fled the civil war in the south of Sudan (…) some 23,900 Eritrean refugees (…) New Eritrean arrivals received four eucalyptus poles and a plastic sheet for shelter"

United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants - World Refugee Survey 2008



"About 450 000 Rwandan refugees have flooded into ex-Zaire over the border of South Kivu (…) A large part of fuelwood was also supplied by the National Research Centre for Natural Sciences (CRSN), which is located about 20 km north of the camp. The staff of CRSN cut down Eucalyptus trees on its site and sold them to obtain cash for everyday living. (…) The camp site was almost cropless when we visited it. (…) The Eucalyptus owned by CRSN, which were cut down but left with stumps, are regenerating and are up to 10 to 15 cm in diameter and several meters high"



 
"More than 165,000 people are living in the camps (…) An oasis garden, however, shaded by eucalyptus trees, grows some fruit and vegetables"

Australian Delegation to Saharawi Refugee Camps in Tindouf
 


"When Rwandan refugees arrived, many natural coppices were cut down. Today Mwese is on the steep range of hills with very few woods. At the same time of the refugee camp, new woods were brought about; blue gums (Eucalyptus globulus Labill. L.), Scotch pines (Pinus sylvestris L.), common spruces (Pinus abies L. Karst), and today these woods are commonly used as timbers."



Eucalyptus and bamboo poles for housing and building in refugee camps of Thailand and Cambodia


"A total of 130,000 refugees including two minority groups, the Karen and the Karenni, have fled from Myanmar to Thailand (…) Bamboo and eucalyptus are the main building materials. These are procured outside the camp and shipped in by SVA because cutting timber in the camp area is prohibited. The roofs are made from leaves that fall from trees within the camp. As there is no electricity in the camps, six semi-transparent plastic sheets about two meters in length are built into the roof as skylights to provide interior lighting. Floors are raised on stilts. Male refugees construct the building and it takes eight men about ten days to complete it."

Miyake Takafumi, Japanese aid in Thailand

 

"As many as 120,000 Lebanese refugees are stranded in Beirut after fleeing the conflict (…) With the first donations the students set up two drinking water tanks under a eucalyptus tree. Three to four hundred people currently live in the park …"

Ulrike Putz reporting from Beirut to Der Spiegel



"The amount of wood distributed to refugees in the camps increased by a factor of three (…) trucks brought some 650 tons of wood to the camps each day, approximately equivalent to cutting one square kilometer of eucalyptus stands per month (…) when that figure is applied to overall wood consumption rates in all five camps, we see that the wood-distribution efforts effectively allowed a significant reduction in the deforestation rate"




"We learn that this particular Batwa community recently fled to the Ugandan side of the border after much of their clan was wiped out by Rwandan soldiers (…)They sit us on a crooked eucalyptus bench and proceed to sing and dance with great intensity. The cumulative effect of the entire experience leaves us teary-eyed and emotionally depleted. (…) The shell of Idi Amin's old villa haunts the landscape. As the sun sets, we watch evening commuters paddling home in eucalyptus canoes."




"Thai authorities also asked to supply materials for housing repairs in all camps since they were concerned that the refugees were still depleting the local forests. During that year bamboo and eucalyptus poles were supplied to most camps and thatch or roofing leaves to some (…) We committed to providing sufficient materials for building new houses and repairs so that refugees should not have to leave the camps to supplement the building materials supplied, thereby exposing themselves to the risk of arrest or abuse."

Thailand Burma Border Consortium, UK aid in Thailand

 
Eucalyptus renewable firewood source for refugee camps in Cambodia and Thailand


"The refugees were cutting down seventy tons of firewood a day... that's like five tractor-trailers of firewood each day! It was a big problem. So the Evangelical Church of the Congo asked us to help with a reforestation project. The idea was it was compensation for the local communities that had welcomed the refugees. The communities benefited from the reforestation, and we also hired people from those communities to work in the nurseries. We produced about a million trees. The project propagated and planted eucalyptus trees, since that was the variety that was cut down for firewood."

Krista Rigalo and Fidele Lumeya, Peace Missionaries in Congo



"They use pretty much anything they can lay their hands on, but that eucalyptus — because it grows so well there — is the main framing material that is used. Then layers of a mud preparation are applied directly to the framing — first on the inside and, following a cure time of three weeks, on the outside. An iron roof goes on top and that’s prettymuch it."

 
 

"Clean water was not readily available. The family cooked over a small fire of twigs and dried eucalyptus leaves. They had only one bottle, and no refrigerator. It was a recipe for disaster, but I thought maybe the child would get enough calories to recover."

Christina Zarowski, Canadian aid in Ethiopia



"Eucalipto nao se come" ("You cannot eat Eucalyptus") - Vía Campesina, justifiying destruction of Eucalyptus timber crops for no useful purpose


Haile Selassie and Cornelius Van Hemert Engert, witnesses of Eucalyptus small miracles

"Those trees came from Australia 30 years ago, when I was a boy. We have grown up together."

Ras Tafari Makonnen – Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, 1935

 

Eucalyptus... Firewood... Shelter... Housing... Shade... Timber... Labour... Building... Protection... Hope



"The means may be likened to a seed, the end to a tree: and there is just the same inviolable connection between the means and the end as there is between the seed and the tree"




Bloggers Unite for Refugees - A Blogcatalog Initiative
 
Eucalyptologics joins the Bloggers Unite for Refugees effort with small miracle stories for those fighting in silence, through no violence, to make this world a better place. Sow your humble seeds and nurture them. In peace.


Click to Read Full Story...


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